
Primary healthcare is the frontline of Australia’s health system – the first and most frequent point of contact for patients – and at its heart is General Practice, which plays a critical role in ensuring people receive the right care, at the right time, in the right place. A strong general practice sector is essential for a high-quality, equitable and sustainable health system, but it is under increasing pressure; and affordability and access remain key issues for patients.
The federal AMA, as part of its Modernise Medicare campaign, is pushing for urgent reforms to general consultation items in the MBS so they meet the needs of patients, particularly those with complex and chronic disease.
“For more than 40 years, the structure for GP consultations has remained largely unchanged. Yet, the needs of patients have evolved dramatically,” the AMA says.
“Today, Australians are living longer, often with multiple chronic conditions, complex mental health needs, and a greater reliance on their GP for ongoing, coordinated care. The current MBS structure does not reflect this reality, and is failing to provide patients with adequate support.”
The AMA is proposing a new seven-tier structure for MBS consultation items that puts patients at the centre of care.
| Level | Consultation length | Proposed rebate (2025 baseline) |
|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | 0-5 minutes | No change |
| Level 2 | 6-15 minutes | $46.15 |
| Level 3 | 16-25 minutes | $80.10 |
| Level 4 | 26-35 minutes | $114.50 |
| Level 5 | 36-45 minutes | $152.65 |
| Level 6 | 46-59 minutes | $190.85 |
| Level 7 | 60+ minutes | $267.05 |
“This model ensures patients – particularly those with complex or chronic conditions – can spend the time they need with their GP without facing higher out-of-pocket costs,” the AMA says. “It removes the systemic disincentive for longer consultations and supports GPs to deliver the kind of care that leads to better health outcomes.”
The reformed structure, based on extensive engagement with GPs across Australia, provides for seven levels of consultation, ranging from less than five minutes to more than an hour.
“Under the current system, the MBS framework for GP consultations does not provide enough support for patients with complex conditions who need to spend more time with a GP,” the AMA says.
“The proposed structure provides extra support for longer, better-funded consultations, allowing patients to discuss all their concerns in one visit.
“The new structure increases rebates for longer consultations, reducing the financial burden on patients who need more time, and making it more affordable to access the care they need.”
The AMA says Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development confirm that patients with an ongoing relationship with their GP experience better care coordination, higher trust, and improved health outcomes.
“This proposed reform supports continuity by enabling patients to spend more time with their GP,” the AMA says. “It ensures they are not disadvantaged by a funding model that rewards short consultations, and will ease pressure on our stretched public hospital system by improving access to care through general practice.”
MBS time-tiered items for primary care are under review by the Department of Health, and whether the current time tiers appropriately support contemporary clinical practice is one of the key issues being addressed.
*Sources:
CPI: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/economy/price-indexes-and-inflation/consumer-price-index-australia/latest-release
Wages: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/labour/earnings-and-working-conditions/average-weekly-earnings-australia/latest-release
Medicare Statistics: https://medicarestatistics.humanservices.gov.au/statistics/mbs_item.html